Vim Cheat Sheet

Esc          back to normal mode (press it first, whenever you're lost)
:q           quit
:q!          quit and throw away changes
:w           save
:wq          save and quit
ZZ           save and quit
:w !sudo tee %   save a file you opened without sudo

i            insert before the cursor
a            insert after the cursor
I            insert at the start of the line
A            insert at the end of the line
o            new line below, and insert
O            new line above, and insert
v            visual: select characters
V            visual: select lines
Ctrl-v       visual: select a column
Esc          back to normal mode

h j k l      left, down, up, right
w            next word
b            previous word
0            start of the line
^            first non-blank character
$            end of the line
gg           first line of the file
G            last line of the file
42G          line 42 (or :42)
Ctrl-d       half a page down
Ctrl-u       half a page up
%            the matching bracket

x            delete a character
dd           delete (cut) a line
5dd          delete 5 lines
dw           delete to the next word
D            delete to the end of the line
yy           copy a line
5yy          copy 5 lines
p            paste after
P            paste before
u            undo
Ctrl-r       redo
.            repeat the last change
r            replace one character
cw           change a word
cc           change the whole line
>>           indent the line
<<           unindent the line
J            join the next line onto this one

/text        search forward
?text        search backward
n            next match
N            previous match
*            search for the word under the cursor
:noh         clear the highlighting

:s/old/new/          first match on this line
:s/old/new/g         all matches on this line
:%s/old/new/g        all matches in the file
:%s/old/new/gc       the same, and ask each time
:10,20s/old/new/g    in lines 10 to 20

:e file      open a file
:r file      insert a file here
:sp file     split horizontally
:vsp file    split vertically
Ctrl-w w     next window
:tabe file   open in a new tab
gt           next tab
:ls          open files
:bn          next file

:set number         line numbers
:set paste          paste without auto-indent
:set nopaste        back to normal
:set list           show tabs and line ends
:set ff=unix        convert Windows line endings (then :w)
:%s/\s\+$//         remove trailing spaces
:!nginx -t          run a command, without leaving
:syntax on          syntax colors

set number
syntax on
set expandtab shiftwidth=4 tabstop=4