#curl

"Connection timed out" vs "Connection refused": what each one tells you, and how to fix it

Timed out means a firewall dropped the packets; refused means nothing listens there. Tell them apart with nc and curl, then fix ufw, firewalld or the bind address.

Beginner · 5 min read

SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate

Security

"SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate": fix the chain, not the check

Fix "unable to get local issuer certificate" in curl, git, pip, npm and Docker: find the broken link with openssl, then fix the server chain or add the missing CA.

Intermediate · 4 min read